Neville Nicholls : Pre-1980 Publications:

• Nicholls, N. and Butterworth, I.J., 1976. On the non-normality of wind distributions. Aust. Met. Mag., 24, 17-19.
• Nicholls, N., 1977. Tropical-extratropical interaction in the Australian region. Mon. Weath. Rev., 105, 826-832.
• Nicholls, N., 1978. Comment on the paper `On the application of some stochastic models to precipitation forecasting' by T.G.J.Dyer. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc., 104, 228-230.
• Nicholls, N., 1978. Sunspots and Australian wheat yield. Search, 9, 319.
• Nicholls, N., 1978. Air-sea interaction and the quasi-biennial oscillation. Mon. Weath. Rev., 106, 1505-1508.
• Nicholls, N., 1979. A simple air-sea interaction model. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc., 105, 93- 105.
• Nicholls, N., 1979. A possible method for predicting seasonal tropical cyclone activity in the Australian region. Mon. Weath. Rev., 107, 1221-1224.

1980 - 1985

• Nicholls, N., 1980. Long-range weather forecasting - value, status and prospects. Reviews Geophys. Space Phys., 18, 771-788.
• Nicholls, N., 1981 Sunspot cycles and Australian rainfall. Search, 12, 83-85.
• Nicholls, N. and Woodcock, F., 1981. Verfication of an empirical long-range weather forecasting technique. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc., 107, 973-976.
• Nicholls, N., 1981. Air-sea interaction and the possibility of long-range weather prediction in the Indonesian Archipelago. Mon. Weath. Rev., 109, 2435-2443.
• Nicholls, N., McBride, J.L. and Ormerod, R.J., 1982. On predicting the onset of the Australian wet season at Darwin. Mon. Weath. Rev., 110, 14-17.
• Woodcock, F. and Nicholls, N., 1982. A methodology for numerical prognosis evaluation using objective local weather retrieval. Aust. Met. Mag., 30, 155-161.
• Price, P.G and Nicholls, N., 1982. Southern Hemisphere energetics: a reappraisal of some earlier estimates. Tellus, 24, 406-408.
• Nicholls, N., 1983. Reply to comments on `A methodology for numerical prognosis evaluation using objective local weather retrieval'. Aust. Met. Mag., 31, 65-66.
• Nicholls, N., 1983. Predictability of the 1982 Australian drought. Search, 14, 154-155.
• McBride, J.L. and Nicholls, N., 1983. Seasonal relationships between Australian rainfall and the Southern Oscillation. Mon. Weath. Rev., 111, 1998-2004.
• Nicholls, N., 1983. The potential for long-range prediction of seasonal mean temperature in Australia. Aust. Met. Mag., 31, 203-207.
• Nicholls, N., 1983. Predicting Indian Monsoon rainfall from sea-surface-temperature in the Indonesia-North Australia area. Nature, 307, 576-577.
• Nicholls, N., 1984. The stability of empirical long-range forecast techniques: A case study. J. Clim. Appl. Met., 23, 143-147.
• Nicholls, N., 1984. A system for predicting the onset of the north Australian wet season. J. Climatol., 4, 425-435.
• Nicholls, N., 1984. The Southern Oscillation and Indonesian sea-surface-temperature. Mon. Weath. Rev., 112, 424-432.
• Nicholls, N., 1984. The Southern Oscillation, sea-surface-temperature, and interannual fluctuations in Australian tropical cyclone activity. J. Climatol., 4, 661-670.
• Nicholls, N., 1984. Comments on "The Monsoon of East Asia and its Global Associations - A Survey". Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 65, 1325.
• Nicholls, N., 1985. Impact of the Southern Oscillation on Australian Crops. J. Climatol., 5, 553-560.
• Nicholls, N., 1985. Predictability of interannual variations of Australian seasonal tropical cyclone activity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 1144-49.
• Nicholls, N., 1985. Towards the prediction of major Australian droughts. Aust. Met. Mag., 33, 161-66.

1986 - 1990

• Nicholls, N., 1986. Use of the Southern Oscillation to predict Australian sorghum yield. Agric. Forest Met., 38, 9-15.
• Nicholls, N., 1986. A method for predicting Murray Valley Encephalitis in southeast Australia using the Southern Oscillation. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci., 64, 587-594.
• Nicholls, N., 1987. The use of canonical correlation to study teleconnections. Mon. Weath. Rev., 115, 393-399.
• Nicholls, N., 1987. The El Niño/Southern Oscillation phenomenon. Chapter 1 in The Societal Impacts associated with the 1982-83 Worldwide Climate Anomalies, UNEP.
• Nicholls, N., 1987. Prospects for drought prediction in Australia & Indonesia. Planning for Drought (D.A. Wilhite & W.E. Easterling (eds.), Westview Press).
• Holland, G.J., McBride, J.L. and Nicholls, N., 1988. Australian region tropical cyclones and the greenhouse effect. Greenhouse 88, G.J. Pearman, (ed.), CSIRO.
• Nicholls, N., 1988. El Niño-Southern Oscillation and rainfall variability. J. Climate, 1, 418-421.
• Nicholls, N., 1988. Low latitude volcanic eruptions and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. J. Climatol., 8, 91-95.
• Nicholls, N., 1988. El Niño-Southern Oscillation impact prediction. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 69, 173-176.
• Nicholls, N., 1988. More on early ENSOs: Evidence from Australian documentary sources. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 69, 4-6.
• Limpus, C.J. and Nicholls, N., 1988. The Southern Oscillation regulates, two years ahead, the number of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) breeding around northern Australia. Aust. J. Wildlife Res., 15, 157-161.
• Nicholls, N., 1989. How old is ENSO? Climatic Change, 14, 111-115.
• Nicholls, N., 1989. Sea surface temperature and Australian winter rainfall. J. Climate, 2, 965-973.
• Nicholls, N. and Wong, K.K., 1990. Dependence of rainfall variability on mean rainfall, latitude, and the Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 3, 163-170.
• Nicholls, N. and R.J.Allan. 1990. Locating early Darwin pressure observations: A marine meteorological detective story. Marine Studies Bulletin, 5, no. 19, p2.
• Nicholls, N., 1990. Low-latitude volcanic eruptions and the El Niño - Southern Oscillation: A reply. J. Climatol., 10, 425-429.
• Nicholls, N., 1990. Predicting the El Niño - Southern Oscillation. Search, 21, 165-167.
• Zhang Guangzhi, Drosdowsky,W., and Nicholls,N. 1990. Environmental influences on Northwest Pacific tropical cyclone numbers. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 4, 180-188.
• Solow,A. and N.Nicholls, 1990. The relationship between the Southern Oscillation and tropical cyclone frequency in the Australian region. J. Climate, 3, 1097-1101.

1991 - 1997

• Nicholls, N., 1991. Teleconnections and Health. In: Teleconnections linking worldwide climate anomalies, M.Glantz, R.Katz, and N.Nicholls (eds). Cambridge Univ. Press, 493-510.
• Nicholls, N. and R.Katz, 1991. Implications for forecasting. In: Teleconnections linking worldwide climate anomalies, M.Glantz, R.Katz, and N.Nicholls (eds). Cambridge Univ. Press, 511-525.
• Nicholls, N., 1991. The El Niño - Southern Oscillation and Australian vegetation. Vegetatio, 91, 23-36.
• Nicholls, N., 1991. Advances in long-term weather forecasting. In: Climatic Risk in Crop Production: Models and Management for the Semi-arid Tropics and Sub-tropics, J.Bellamy and R.Muchow (eds.), CAB International, 548 pp.
• Allan, R. J., N. Nicholls, P. D. Jones and I. J. Butterworth, 1991. A further extension of the Tahiti-Darwin SOI, early ENSO events and Darwin pressure. J. Climate, 4, 743-749.
• Norman,F.I. and N. Nicholls, 1991. The Southern Oscillation and variations in waterfowl abundance in southeastern Australia. Aust. J. Ecology, 16, 485-490.
• Nicholls, N., 1991. Historical ENSO variability in the Australasian region. In El Nino Historical and Paleoclimatic aspects of the Southern Oscillation, H.F.Diaz and V.Markgraf (eds.), Cambridge Univ. Press, pp151-173.
• Markgraf, V., Dodson, J., Kershaw, P., McGlone, M., and Nicholls, N., 1992. Evolution of late Pleistocene and Holocene climates in the circum - South Pacific land areas. Climate Dynamics, 6, 193-211.
• Lavery, B. M., Kariko, A. P. and Nicholls, N., 1992. A high-quality historical rainfall data set for Australia. Aust. Meteorol. Mag., 40, 33-39.
• Nicholls, N. and Lavery, B. M., 1992. Australian rainfall trends during the twentieth century. Int. J. Climatology, 12, 153-163.
• Nicholls, N., 1992. Recent performance of a method for forecasting Australian seasonal tropical cyclone activity. Aust. Met. Mag., 40, 105-110.
• Folland, C. K., Karl, T. R., Nicholls, N., Nyenzi, B. S., Parker, D. E., and Vinnikov, K.Ya., 1992. Observed climate variability and change. In Climate Change 1992. The Supplementary report to the IPCC Scientific Assessment, Houghton,J.T., Callander,B.A., and Varney,S.K. (eds.), Cambridge Univ. Press.
• Nicholls, N., and Kariko, A. P., 1993. East Australian rainfall events: Interannual variations, trends, and relationships with the Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 6, 1141-1152.
• Rimmington, G. M., and Nicholls, N., 1993. Forecasting wheat yields in Australia with the Southern Oscillation Index. Aust. J. Agric. Res., 44, 625-632.
• Nicholls, N., 1993. El Niño-Southern Oscillation and vector-borne disease. The Lancet, 324, 1284-1285.
• Nicholls, N., 1993. ENSO, drought and flooding rain in Southeast Asia. pp 154-175 in: South-east Asia's environmental future. The search for sustainability. Oxford Univ. Press, 1993, 456 pp.
• Lavery, B., and N. Nicholls, 1994. "Australian precipitation trends from ten regionally representative stations", pp 918-950 in: Trends '93, C.T.A.Boden, D.P.Kaiser, R.J.Sepanski, and F.W.Stoss (eds.), DIAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6335, USA, September 1994.
• Nicholls, N., 1994. What's happening to the climate? Only better data will tell. Climate Change Bulletin, UN/UNEP/WMO, Issue 5, 4th quarter 1994, pp2-4.
• Nicholls, N., 1995. All-India summer monsoon rainfall and sea surface temperatures around northern Australia and Indonesia. J. Climate, 8, 1463-1467.
• Nicholls, N., 1995. Long-term climate monitoring and extreme events. Climatic Change, 31, 231-245.
• Karl, T. R., V. E. Derr, D. R. Easterling, C. K. Folland, D. J. Hofmann, S. Levitus, N. Nicholls, D. E. Parker, and G. W. Withee, 1995. Critical issues for long-term climate monitoring. Climatic Change, 31, 185-221.
• Nicholls, N., 1996. Modelling climatic variability. In: Climate change: Developing Southern Hemisphere perspectives. T.W.Giambelluca and A.Henderson-Sellers (eds.), John Wiley & Sons.
• Nicholls, N., 1996. Subtropical climate. In: Encyclopedia of Climate and Weather, S.Schneider (ed.), Oxford Univ. Press.
• Nicholls, N., 1996. Australia. In: Encyclopedia of Climate and Weather, S.Schneider (ed.), Oxford Univ. Press.
• Nicholls, N., G. Gruza, J. Jouzel, T. Karl, L. Ogallo, and D. Parker, 1996. Observed climate variability and change. In: IPCC 1995. The Second IPCC scientific assessment of climate change (J.Houghton & L.Meira Filho, eds.). Cambridge Univ. Press.
• Nicholls, N., R. Tapp, K. Burrows, and D. Richards, 1996. Historical thermometer exposures in Australia. Int. J. Climatology, 16, 705-710.
• Landsea, C. W., N. Nicholls, W. M. Gray, and L. A. Avila, 1996. Downward trends in the frequency of intense Atlantic hurricanes during the past five decades. Geophys. Res. Letts., 23, 1697-1700.
• Stone, R., N. Nicholls, and G. Hammer, 1996. Frost in NE Australia: Trends and influences of phases of the Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 9, 1896-1909.
• Nicholls, N., 1996. An incriminating fingerprint. Nature, 382, 27-28.
• Newsome, A. E., N. Nicholls, and T. J. Hobbs, 1996. The uncertain climate. In: Exploring Central Australia. Society, the Environment and the 1894 Horn Expedition, S.R.Morton & D.J.Mulvaney (eds.), Surrey Beatty & Sons, Sydney, 400+pp.
• Salinger, M. J., R. Allan, N. Bindoff, J. Hannah, B. Lavery, Z. Lin, J. Lindesay, N. Nicholls, N. Plummer, and S. Torok, 1996. Observed variability and change in climate and sea-level in Australia, New Zealand and the South Pacific. In: Greenhouse: Coping with climate change, W. Bouma et al. (eds.), CSIRO,  pp. 100-126.
• Nicholls, N., 1996. Long-term climate monitoring and extreme events.In: Long-term climate monitoring by the global climate observing system, T.R.Karl (ed.), Kluwer, Dordrecht.
• Karl, T. R., V. E. Derr, D. R. Easterling, C. K. Folland, D. J. Hofmann, S. Levitus, N. Nicholls, D. E. Parker, and G. W. Withee, 1996. Critical issues for long-term climate monitoring. In: Long-term climate monitoring by the global climate observing system, T. R. Karl (ed.), Kluwer, Dordrecht.
• Nicholls, N., 1996. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation. In: The Human Environment, J. Rigg (ed.), Indonesian Heritage Series, Editions Didier Millet, Singapore.148 pp.
• Torok, S. J., and N. Nicholls, 1996. An historical annual temperature data set for Australia. Aust. Met. Mag., 45, 251-260.
• Nicholls, N., B. Lavery, C. Frederiksen, W. Drosdowsky, and S. Torok, 1996. Recent apparent changes in relationships between the El Niño - Southern Oscillation and Australian rainfall and temperature. Geophys. Res. Letts., 23, 3357-3360.
• Lavery, B., G. Joung, and N. Nicholls, 1997. An extended high quality historical rainfall data set for Australia. Aust. Met. Mag., 46, 27-38.
• Nicholls, N., W. Drosdowsky, and B. Lavery, 1997. Australian rainfall variability and change. Weather, 52, 66-72.
• Landsea, C. W., N. Nicholls, W. M. Gray, and L. A. Avila, 1997. Reply (to comment on Landsea et al., 1996). Geophys. Res. Letts., 24, 2205.
• Nicholls, N., 1997. Reply to comment on "Historical thermometer exposures in Australia". Int. J. Climatology, 17, 200.
• Nicholls, N., 1997. Keys to global climate. The World & I, April 1997, 50-57.
• Nicholls, N., 1997. What are the potential contributions of El Niño - Southern Oscillation research to early warning of potential acute food-deficit situations? In: Using Science Against Famine: Food Security. Famine Early Warning and El Niño, Internet Journal for African Studies. Internet:  ISSN 1363-2914. Bradford, UK: University of Bradford.
• Karl, T. R., N. Nicholls, and J. Gregory, 1997. The coming climate. Scientific American, May 1997, 78-83.  (Also reprinted in "Annual Editions Geography 98/99", G.R.Pitzl (ed.), Dushkin/McGraw-Hill).
• Nicholls, N., 1997. Developments in climatology in Australia: 1946-1996. Aust. Met. Mag., 46, 127-135.
• Nicholls, N., 1997. Increased Australian wheat yield due to recent climate trends. Nature, 387, 484-485.
• Nicholls, N., 1997. The centennial drought. Windows on Meteorology. Australian perspective, E. Webb (ed.), CSIRO, Collingwood, Australia, pp 118-126 .
• Nicholls, N., 1997. A healthy climate. Windows on Meteorology. Australian perspective, E. Webb (ed.), CSIRO, Collingwood, Australia, pp 105-117.
• Nicholls, N., 1997. Developments in the prediction of climate variability and implications for insurance, Financial Risk Management for Natural Catastrophes, N.R.Britton & J.Oliver (eds.), Griffith University, pp 85-104.
• Nicholls, N., 1997. Observed climate variability and change. Proc. Royal Soc. Victoria, 109, xxxii-xxxvi.
• Nicholls, N., W. Drosdowsky, C.S. Frederiksen, R. Kleeman and N.R. Smith, 1997. Seasonal Climate Predictions. In: Climate Prediction for Agricultural and Resource Management, R.K. Munro and L.M. Leslie, eds., Bureau of Resource Sciences, Canberra, pp 45-60.